| Widemann, François | ||
| "Scarcity of Precious Metals and Relative Chronology of Indo-Greek and Related Coinages, 1st Century BC-1st Century AD" (2000) | ||
| East and West, 2000, vol. 50, p. 227-258. | ||
| Abstract: Postulates a crisis shortage of silver throughout Iran and Afghanistan, Pakistan, and North India in the last decades B.C., when the dates on the Parthian tetradrachms of Seleucia and local civic issues allow us to know for certain that all the Seleucia mints were closed down from 23 to 2 B.C., and when bronze and billon replaced silver as the standard metal of coinage in Central and Southern Asia. | ||
| "Scarcity of Precious Metals and Relative Chronology of Indo-Greek and Related Coinages (1st century B.C. - 1st century A.D.)" (2000) | ||
| In: Taddei, M. & De Marco, Giuseppe (eds.), Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists, Serie Orientale Roma XC, vol. 2 | ||
| Rome: Istituto italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente, 2000, p. 1-17. | ||
| Widengren, Geo | ||
| "Recherches sur le féodalisme iranien" (1956) | ||
| Orientalia Suecana, 1956, vol. 5, p. 79-182. | ||
| "Some remarks on riding costumes and articles of dress among Iranian peoples in Aniquity" (1956) | ||
| Studia Ethnographica Upsaliensia, 1956, vol. 11, p. 228-276. | ||
| "Quelques rapports entre Juifs et Iraniens a l'Epoque des Parthes" (1957) | ||
| In: Supplement to Vetus Testamentum IV | ||
| 1957, p. 197 ff. | ||
| Iranisch-semitische Kulturbegegnung in parthischer Zeit (1960) | ||
| In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen. Veroffentlichungen. Geisteswissenschaften ; Heft 70. | ||
| Köln: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1960, 162 p. | ||
| Abstract: Summary in English and French. | ||
| Die Religionen Irans (1965) | ||
| In: Religionen der Menschheit ; Bd.14 | ||
| Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, 1965, xv+393 p. | ||
| Abstract: See also the French translation, Les religions de l'lran, traduit de l'allemand par L. Jospin (Paris, Payot, 1968) | ||
| Der Feudalismus im alten Iran. Männerbund, Gefolgswesen, Feudalismus in der iranischen Gesellschaft im Hinblick auf die indogermanischen Verhältnisse (1969) | ||
| In: Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 40 | ||
| Köln und Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1969, 175 p. | ||
| "The Establishment of the Sasanian Dynasty in the Light of the New Evidence" (1971) | ||
| In: La Persia nel Medioevo | ||
| Rome: Accademia nazionale dei Lincei, 1971, vol. Quaderno 160, p. 711-782. | ||
| "Iran, der grosse Gegner Roms: Königsgewalt, Feudalismus, Militärwesen" (1976) | ||
| Aufstieg und Nidergang der römischen Welt, 1976, vol. 2, no. 9.1, p. 219-306. | ||
| Wiesehöfer, Josef | ||
| "Die Anfänge sassanidischer Westpolitik and der Untergang Hatras" (1982) | ||
| Klio, 1982, p. 437-447. | ||
| "Iran from Arsaces I to Artabanus IV : The Parthian Reign" (1993) | ||
| In: Wiesehöfer, Josef (ed.), Ancient Persia: from 550 BC to 650 AD (translated by Azizeh Azodi) | ||
| London: I.B. Tauris, 1996, p. 117-143. | ||
| Abstract: Part 3 of the English translation of Das antike Persien : von 550 v. Chr. bis 650 n. Chr (1993). | ||
| Ancient Persia: from 550 BC to 650 AD (translated by Azizeh Azodi) (1993) | ||
| London: I.B. Tauris, 1996, 426 p. | ||
| Abstract: English translation of Das antike Persien : von 550 v. Chr. bis 650 n. Chr (1993). A comprehensive survey illustrated with Photographs. Josef Wiesehofer, one of the most respected scholars of the ancient world, provides here a comprehensive survey of the Persian Empire under the Achaemenids, the Parthians and the Sasanians. By focusing on the indigenous sources - written, archaeological and numismatic evidence from Persia - he avoids the traditional Western approach which has tended to rely so heavily on foreign and sometimes prejudiced Greek or Roman sources. Part of the freshness of this book comes from its presentation of a historical discussion of pre-Islamic Persia from a Near Eastern perspective. | ||
| "King of Kings" and "Philhellên" : Kingship in Arsacid Iran (1994) | ||
| In: Bilde, Per, Engberg-Pedersen, T., Hannestad, L.; and Zahle, J. (eds.), Aspects of Hellenistic Kingship | ||
| Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 1996, p. 55-66. | ||
| Abstract: Papers from the fourth international working seminar of the Danish interdisciplinary research project on the Hellenistic period, held January 1994 on the subject of 'Hellenistic kingship--the royal "parousia": royal power and its symbolic manifestations'--Cf. Introd., p. [9] | ||
| "Discordia et Defectio-Dynamis kai Pithanourgia: Die frühen Seleukiden und Iran" (1994) | ||
| In: Bernd Funck (ed.), Hellenismus : Beiträge zur Erforschung von Akkulturation und politischer Ordnung in den Staaten des hellenistischen Zeitalters : Akten des Internationalen Hellenismus-Kolloquiums, 9.-14. März 1994 in Berlin | ||
| Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), 1996, p. 29-56. | ||
| Die 'dunklen Jahrhunderte' der Persis : Untersuchungen zu Geschichte und Kultur von Fars in frühhellenistischer Zeit (330-140 v. Chr.) (1994) | ||
| In: Zetemata ; Monographien zur klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, Heft 90 | ||
| München: C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1994 | ||
| Abstract: Studies on the history and culture of Fars in the early Hellenistic period (330-140 B.C.). See review by A. Shapur Shahbazi, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 9, 1994, pp. 270-272. | ||
| "Zeugnisse zur Geschichte und Kultur der Persis unter den Parthern" (1996) | ||
| In: Wiesehöfer, Josef (ed.), Das Partherreich und seine Zeugnisse - The Arsacid Empire : Sources and Documentation. Beiträge des Internationalen Colloquiums, Eutin (27.-30. Juni 1996). Historia-Einzelschriften, 122 | ||
| Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1998, p. 425-434. | ||
| "Denn Orodes war der griechischen Sprache und Literatur nicht unkundig..." (1998) | ||
| In: Parther, Griechen und griechische Kultur. Festschrift fur P. Calmeyer | ||
| In press, 1998 | ||
| Abstract: Cited as in press by Edward Dabrowa, "Philhellen : Mithradate Ier et les Grecs" (1998) | ||
| Das frühe Persien (1999) | ||
| München: Beck, 1999 | ||
| "Fārs II. History in the Pre-Islamic Period" (1999) | ||
| In: Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica, vol. 9 | ||
| 1999, p. 333-334. | ||
| "Fan Ye. Chinesischer Autor einer Dynastiegeschichte mit Informationen über das Partherreich" (2000) | ||
| In: Cancik, Hubert & Schneider, Helmuth (eds.), Der Neue Pauly. Enzyklopädie der Antike. Altertum. Bd. IV. Epo - Gro. | ||
| Stuttgart: Verlag J. B. Metzler, 2000, p. 423-424. | ||
| "Die 'Sklaven des Kaisers' und der Kopf des Crassus. Römische Bilder des Ostens und parthische Bilder des Westens in augusteischer Zeit" (2002) | ||
| In: Freeman, Philip; Bennett, Julian; Zbigniew, T.; & Hoffmann, Birgitta (eds.), Limes XVIII. Proceedings of the XVIIIth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies held in Amman, Jordan (September 2000), Bd. 1 | ||
| Oxford: 2002, p. 293-300. | ||
| "Communicators between East and West: The Parthians" (2004) | ||
| In: Stoellner, Thomas; Slotta, Rainer & Vatandoust, Abdolrasool (eds.), Persiens Antike Pracht. Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum: Germany (28 November 2004 bis 29 Mai 2005) | ||
| 2004, p. 408-415. | ||
| Fars Under the Seleucids and the Parthians (2007) | ||
| In: Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh & Stewart, Sarah (eds.), Age of the Parthians. Series: Idea of Iran, vol. 2 | ||
| London: I.B. Tauris, 2007 | ||
| Wiesehöfer, Josef (ed.) | ||
| Das Partherreich und seine Zeugnisse - The Arsacid Empire : Sources and Documentation (1996) | ||
| In: Historia. Einzelschriften ; Heft 122 Beiträge des internationalen Colloquiums, Eutin (27-30 Jun 1996) | ||
| Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1998 | ||
| Abstract:
Articles in English and German. See review: Carol Altman Bromberg, BAI 13. Contents: Vorwort des Herausgebers 7 Archäologische Zeugnisse zum Partherreich Marek J. Olbrycht, Die Kultur der Steppengebiete und die Beziehungen zwischen Nomaden und der seßhaften Bevolkerung (Der arsakidische Iran und die Nomadenvölker) 11 Antonio Invemizzi, Parthian Nisa. New Lines of Research 45 Vesta S. Curtis, The Parthian Costume and Headdress 61 Hubertus von Gall, Architektur und Plastik unter den Parthern 75 Rolf Michael Schneider, Die Faszination des Feindes: Bilder der Parther und des Orients in Rom 95 (Schriftliche) Zeugnisse aus Iran und Mesopotamien Almut Hintze, The Avesta in the Parthian Period 147 Rüdiger Schmitt, Parthische Sprach- und Namenüberlieferung aus arsakidischer Zeit 163 Robartus J. van der Spek, Cuneiform Documents on Parthian History: The Rahimesu Archive. Materials for the Study of the Standard of Living 205 Die Überlieferung des griechisch-römischen Westens Bernard van Wickevoort Crommelin, Die Parther und die parthische Geschichte bei Pompeius Trogus-Iustin 259 Jan Willem Drijvers, Strabo on Parthia and the Parthians 279 Norbert Ehrhardt, Parther und parthische Geschichte bei Tacitus 295 Tessa Rajak, The Parthians in Josephus 309 Die armenische und chinesische Überlieferung Erich Kettenhofen, Die Arsakiden in den armenischen Quellen 325 Walter Posch, Chinesische Quellen zu den Parthem 355 Numismatische Zeugnisse der Parther und Indo-Parther Michael Alram, Stand und Aufgaben der arsakidischen Numismatik 365 Osmund Bopearachchi, Indo-Parthians 389 Zeugnisse zu parthischen Reichsteilen und Plätzen Monika Schuol, Die Zeugnisse zur Geschichte und Kultur der parthischen Charakene 407 Edward Dabrowa, Zeugnisse zur Geschichte der parthischen Elymais und Susiane 417 Josef Wiesehöfer, Zeugnisse zur Geschichte und Kultur der Persis unter den Parthern 425 Martin Schottky, Quellen zur Geschichte von Media Atropatene und Hyrkanien in parthischer Zeit 435 Fergus Millar, Dura-Europos under Parthian Rule 473 Stefan R. Hauser, Hatra und das Konigreich der Araber 493 Amélie Kuhrt, Concluding Remarks 529 Liste der Teilnehmer bzw. Autoren 535 Indices Stellenregister 539 Namenindex 551 Sachindex 566 | ||
| Wiesner | ||
| Histoire de l'Art : Orient ancien (1970) | ||
| 1970, 208 p. | ||
| Wigram, W. A. | ||
| The Assyrians and their Neighbours (1929) | ||
| London: G. Bell & Sons, 1929, xvi+247 p. | ||
| Abstract: Contents: National Stocks in Mesopotamia; The Parthian Period; The Assyrians under the Sassanid Kings; Life under the Abbassid Khalifs; The Age of the Seljuk Turks; Mongol Rule; Tamerland, and the Coming of the Ottoman; Under Ottoman Rule; Assyrian Customs; The Great War, and After. | ||
| Wikander, Stig | ||
| Der arisch Männerbund (1938) | ||
| Lund: 1938 | ||
| Feuerpriester in Kleinasien und Iran (1946) | ||
| Lund: 1946 | ||
| Wilber, Donald | ||
| "The Parthian structures at Takht-i-Sulayman" (1938) | ||
| Antiquity, 1938, vol. 12, no. 4 (Dec), p. 389-410. | ||
| Abstract:
Also reprinted from Antiquity as "The Parthian Structures At Takht-I-Sulayman", American Institute for Irani, Printed in Great Britain. Detailed archaeological drawings and description of the two principal buildings from the Parthian era. | ||
| The Parthian Structures At Takht-I-Sulayman (1938) | ||
| In: Iranian Institute of America. Reprint series, no. 9 | ||
| New York:, p. 389-410. | ||
| Abstract: Cover title "From Antiquity, Vol. XII, No. 4, December 1938" | ||
| Wilcken, U. | ||
| "Andragoras" (1894) | ||
| In: RE. Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft. I, col. 2133. | ||
| 1894 | ||
| Wilcox, Peter & McBride, Angus | ||
| Rome's Enemies (vol. 3): Parthians and Sassanid Persians (1986) | ||
| In: Men-At-Arms Series, 175 | ||
| Osprey, 1986, 48 p. | ||
| Abstract:
Color plates illustrated by Angus McBride. The Parthians were a warrior people. Though possessing no regular army they were superb horsemen and archers, and in time of war the nobility provided heavily armoured knights mounted on weight-carrying chargers. At Carrhae, it is believed that 20,000 Roman troops out of a force of about 36,000 died at the hands of the Parthians. In the third of four volumes covering Rome's enemies, this fascinating text by Peter Wilcox examines the armies and campaigns of the Parthians and Sassanid Persians. [Publisher] Contents: - Chronology - Introduction - The Parthians - Parthian Campaigns - Sassanid Persia - Sassanian Campaigns - The Plates | ||
| Wilhelm, E. | ||
| "Die Parther" (1904) | ||
| In: Avesta, Pahlavi, and Ancient Persian Studies in honour of Peshotanja Behramji Samjana | ||
| Strasbourg: 1904 | ||
| Wilkinson, Richard H. | ||
| "The origin and development of a Greco-Persian numismatic motif" (1989) | ||
| The Numismatist, 1989, vol. 102, no. 6 (Jun), p. 887-889, 969-970. | ||
| Abstract: Discusses the bow and arrow on Achaemenid, Seleucid and Parthian coinage. | ||
| Wilkinson, Robert | ||
| Imperium Parthicum Arsacidum (1807) | ||
| In: Wilkinson, Robert, A General Atlas: Being a Collection of Maps of The World and Quarters, the Principal Empires & Kingdoms | ||
| 1807 | ||
| Abstract: Hand coloured engraved map comes from an atlas published by Wilkinson in London 1807, containing 48 coloured maps. | ||
| Wilkinson, Tony J. | ||
| "Settlement Patterns in Northern Syria from the Bronze Age to the Roman/Parthian Period" (1998) | ||
| 1998 | ||
| Abstract: Paper delivered as part of the Archaeological Institute of America lecture series at the Program of Classical Art and Archaeology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, on 1 December 1998. | ||
| Will, E. | ||
| "L'art sassanide et ses prédécesseurs" (1962) | ||
| Syria, 1962, vol. 39, p. 45-63. | ||
| Will, Ernest | ||
| "Marchands et chefs de caravanes à Palmyre" (1957) | ||
| Syria, 1957, vol. 34, p. 262ff. | ||
| Art Parthe et Art Grec, Étude d'archéologie classique (1959) | ||
| Annales de l'Est, 1959, vol. 22, p. 125-135. | ||
| "Parthian sculptures from Hatra. Orient and Hellas in art and religion by Harald Ingholt" (book review) (1965) | ||
| In: Gnomon. Kritische Zeitschrift für die gesamte klassische Altertumswissenschaft, vol. 27 | ||
| 1965, p. 379-380. | ||
| Williams, Derek | ||
| The Reach of Rome : A History of the Roman Imperial Frontier 1st-5th Centuries AD (1996) | ||
| New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997 | ||
| Abstract: Excellent discussion of Rome's Parthian frontier with several good maps. | ||
| Williams, Henry Smith | ||
| Parthians, Sassanids, and Arabs. The crusades and the papacy. (1904) | ||
| In: The historians' history of the world; a comprehensive narrative of the rise and development of nations as recorded by over two thousand of the great writers of all ages: ed., with the assistance of a distinguished board of advisers and contributors, vol 8 | ||
| New York: The Outlook Company, 1904 | ||
| Abstract: Article on the Parthians is titled "Empire of the Parthians (250 B.C.- 228 A.D.)" Indicates chief authorities together with prime sources, plus additional citations used. | ||
| Willrich, H. | ||
| "Dareios (9)" (1901) | ||
| In: RE 4,2 | ||
| 1901, 2212 p. | ||
| "Euemeros (2)" (1907) | ||
| In: RE 11 | ||
| 1907, 952 p. | ||
| "Exathres" (1909) | ||
| In: RE 12 | ||
| 1909, 1553 p. | ||
| Wilson, H. H. & Masson, C. | ||
| Ariana Antiqua : A Descriptive Account of the Antiquities and Coins of Afghanistan with a Memoir on the Buildings Called Topes (1841) | ||
| New Delhi: Vedams Books International, 1997, xvi+452 p. | ||
| Abstract:
From the results of this study, Debevoise [1938, p. xl] concludes that royal Parthian coins were not used in Southeastenr Iran, even though at times directly under control of the Parthians. Contents: I. Account of the progress of Bactro-Indian numismatic and antiquarian discovery, and observations on the edifices, called topes. II. Memoir on the topes and sepulchral monuments of Afghanistan: by C. Masson, Esq.: 1. Topes, &c. of Darunta. 2. Topes and sepulchral monuments of Chahar Bagh. 3. Topes and sepulchral monuments of Hidda. 4. Topes of Kabul. 5. Topes of Koh Daman and the Kohistan. III. Ancient notices of Ariana : the country between Persia and India, with remarks upon Alexander's march from the former towards the latter. IV. The sovereign dynasties of Bactria and the conterminous countries, from the death of Alexander The Great to the Mohammedan Invasion of India; with descriptions of their coins: 1. Greek dynasties. 2. Menander. 3. Barbaric Kings. 4. Indo-Parthian dynasty. 5. Indo-Scythian princes of Kabul. 6. Coins of Sassanian Kings. 7. Hindu coins. | ||
| Winckler, Hugo | ||
| Die babylonische Geisteskultur ; in ihren Beziehungen zur Kulturentwicklung der Menschheit (1907) | ||
| In: Series: Wissenschaft und Bildung, Einzeldarstellungen aus Allen Gebieten des Wissens, Band 15 | ||
| Leipzig: Quelle & Meyer, 1907, 152 p. | ||
| Windfuhr, Gernot L. | ||
| "Isoglosses: A Sketch on Persians and Parthians, Kurds and Medes". (1975) | ||
| In: Acta Iranica 5 (Monumentum Henrik S. Nyberg 2) | ||
| 1975, p. 457-472. | ||
| Bibliography - Page 66 |
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